NGC 891 Silver Sliver Galaxy
2025.01.24 05:28 NorthTop_ NGC 891 Silver Sliver Galaxy
 | submitted by NorthTop_ to seestar [link] [comments] |
2025.01.24 05:28 Goofygoober5789 Can’t sleep so I just made some Klay World characters
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2025.01.24 05:28 matchahour late dinner
submitted by matchahour to dinner [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 Justalittleguy_1994 Update: My rescued cat, Gigi is fine now and please don’t fall for scams using her pics :)
 | Gigi, my rescued cat, is completely fine now, after two long months, where she fought with potential feline calicivirus (she got sicker after my first update and that’s when I took her to the vet again)- though her tests for both calicivirus and feline leukaemia came out negative, she had ulcers in her mouth and a fever of 103°. So the doctor warned me that the tests could be false negatives. She was medicated for antibiotics, a syrup for her nasal discharge and an ointment for her ulcers. Then she was dewormed, her treatment for fungal infection started (poor girl had to wear a cone for a month) and now she’s fine. Her weight went from 440 grams to 1kg 60 grams, and became eligible for vaccine, and got her first dose two weeks ago :)))). But a kind person let me know that some idiot on TikTok (account is called emma.dpt0) is using Gigi’s pictures to ask for subscribers to “save her life”. (At least that’s what google translates it to) Please report that account. I’ve too, and I wonder if there are other steps I can take to take that account down/ let other people become aware of this scam. submitted by Justalittleguy_1994 to cats [link] [comments] |
2025.01.24 05:28 Automatic_Cheetah69 How do you change region on Apple Store
I can’t get past putting in a payment method it keeps saying all my cards are invalid. How is everyone else doing it?
submitted by Automatic_Cheetah69 to TikTok [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 OkCandidate1083 Debt recycling
Do a lot of Australians use this strategy? We spoke to our financial advisor and I am shocked something like this exists..
I am wondering do many people use it and what do you think the pros and cons are from experience.
My financial advisor did share, but wanted to crowd source people’s experience..
submitted by OkCandidate1083 to AskAnAustralian [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 Background_Sail1579 Sonic 3 Drawing!! (By me!)
 | submitted by Background_Sail1579 to shadowthehedgehog [link] [comments] |
2025.01.24 05:28 MainDonDada What now?
I (26m) met up with a woman I’ve been seeing (46f). We spent time together, got close, shared an intimate moment. During our time together, she made a comment about me not fully engaging with her physically. It caught me off guard and left me feeling a bit embarrassed-probably one of the most awkward moments I’ve experienced. I’m not very experienced when it comes to intimacy but I feel confident in other areas like foreplay. Now I’m worried this may affect our connection moving forward. Has anyone been in a similar situation or have any advice on how to navigate this?
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2025.01.24 05:28 throwheezy Hmmm.
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2025.01.24 05:28 Zestyclose5527 Capitano (@a1da_me91y)
 | Source submitted by Zestyclose5527 to CapitanoMainsGI [link] [comments] |
2025.01.24 05:28 Maxcactus Costco's shareholders overwhelmingly reject anti-DEI proposal
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2025.01.24 05:28 KC7411 Vincent Raptor on Instagram: "Enjoy it ‘til it last 😉 #hollywood #california #californiawildfires #memes"
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2025.01.24 05:28 Wild_Wish_2245 Come on let’s play😈
I’m feeling feisty tonight😋
submitted by Wild_Wish_2245 to Unsent_Unread_Unheard [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 willyolio So I saw the Generic CYOA Jump, and realized that this needed to be done.
submitted by willyolio to JumpChain [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 microwavedmous1 Took the picnic blanket out to the lake!
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2025.01.24 05:28 Careless-Speech-7249 घर बैठे पैसे कमाने के 10 आसान तरीके :
submitted by Careless-Speech-7249 to news [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 MarieLouiseSoon Were there any other linguistic influence from the languages or dialects from Indonesia or Malaysia in our country?
Hello!!! I am creating my first conlang (constructed language) where Bahasa Melayu had our own dialects like our PH Hokkien, PH Spanish, and PH English dialects.
As far as I know, there are some Bahasa Ternate words in Chabacano de Ternate since there is a theory that the Merdicas (speakers of a malay-portuguese creole called portugis or ternateño, ig) There is also more Old Malay influence than Classical Malay in our native languages.
I was wondering if there were other languages in Indonesia or Malaysia/dialects of Bahasa Melayu that influenced our native langauges in terms of grammar, lexicon, and other linguistic stuff.
Currently, my conlang (idk what to name it, yet) is just using similar austronesian cognates in both languages and also just follow Malay grammar but with VSO word order. Example:
Bahasa Melayu: Saya suka makan nasi.
Luzon (more like ternateño) dialect: [More Chabacano/Tagalog influence on Bahasa Melayu] Kiyeri aku makan morisketa.
Mindanao: [More Sanskrit/Arabic/Maguindanao/Tausug/Chavacano/Maranao influence] Suka aku makan kaunun.
submitted by MarieLouiseSoon to FilipinoHistory [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 Couch_Cat13 r/shittyMBTI
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2025.01.24 05:28 Fucklamarjackson Fuck Boston button⬆️
🖕🖕🖕
submitted by Fucklamarjackson to sportsbetting [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 russiancreamed Glitch after todays update
 | After todays update, my screen looks like this and has for several hours. I have tried refreshing game data, downloading assets, logging in on different devices to change my outfit, resolving potential network errors, deleting and reinstalling the app all to no avail. I’m at a loss, what do i do? Sidebar I am on IOS. Thanks guys. submitted by russiancreamed to pokemongo [link] [comments] |
2025.01.24 05:28 AdeptnessMedical6159 Help with wiring 1997 ford f150 lariat
 | Bought this truck and the seller gave me a radio with it that he had attempted to install and apparently didn't have much luck/had no idea what he was doing (I don't have any idea either) I've tried to find wiring diagrams online but they don't seem to match up with the wiring in the truck any help would be much appreciated submitted by AdeptnessMedical6159 to CarAV [link] [comments] |
2025.01.24 05:28 Konukaame CDC wastewater data, "baselines", WVAL, and methodologies
This is a rewritten and expanded version of the discussion that happened in this post over the last couple days, responding to a concern about how the CDC would be updating their baseline for the Wastewater Viral Activity Level (WVAL) metric, and which u/zeaqqk suggested I post instead of just leaving it as a comment.
First off, an introduction from me, and why I'm not just a random on the internet... or well, why I am but you should still listen to me about this.
While I'm not a specialist in this field, I've been one of the people tracking COVID data on coronavirusAZ since early 2020, and as others moved on, my scope of reporting expanded, and I'm now compiling stats from a variety of sources for our state on a weekly basis. One of these stats is the CDC WVAL data, which I've been tracking for quite a while now, so I have a lot of familiarity with the dataset. You can check out that sub and see my posting history there, if you'd like to verify my claims to experience.
The aforementioned thread and tweet were raised in our weekly discussion post as a point of concern, and my main takeaway is that the OOP has no idea what they're talking about, because none of the calculations involved work the way they are claiming. What follows is a an explanation on how the CDC determines their "baseline" wastewater virus level, what they do with the data, and why what they do bears no resemblance at all to the claims being made about it.
Some helpful data sources:
1: The CDC's explainer page, which lays out a simple summary of their methodology. If you're somewhat math-and-statistics inclined, you can look at this one and ignore everything else I have to say. https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/about-data.html#data-method
2: The CDC national and regional trends page: https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/rv/COVID19-nationaltrend.html
3: State trends page: https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/rv/COVID19-statetrend.html
4: National map: https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/rv/COVID19-currentlevels.html
5: While typing this up, I went looking for wastewater data with concentrations rather than the WVAL data, and hey, I found it. https://data.cdc.gov/Public-Health-Surveillance/NWSS-Public-SARS-CoV-2-Concentration-in-Wastewateg653-rqe2/about_data
With all of that said, let's get on to the substance of this post.
The claim:
The US CDC has announced that, going forward, reported SARS-CoV-2 wastewater levels will be normalized to an endemic baselineIn plain English, almost every word of this is wrong.
"Zero" on this baseline will be levels in the previous year
What this means is that the level of SARS-CoV-2 virus in the environment will be reported as the difference between current readings & the readings of a year ago
If Jan of 2024 reading was 1,000 & Jan 2025 it's also 1,000, Jan 2025 wastewater levels will be reported as 0 (zero)
It's not a new methodology, so "going forward" is incorrect. The equation that the CDC uses literally cannot produce "zero" as an output, so the second and fourth lines are wrong. And the third and fourth lines are wrong because that is not even remotely how they determine the baseline value or how they report the current value.
So, let's start with the most critical error, and work it all through. How does the CDC determine their baseline?
Going to the first link on the above list, here's what they say:
Data Normalization:This could be an essay all in itself, so if you really want to dig into what this means, Biobot has an eight page paper on the subject (warning pdf link).
Data are normalized based on the data that are submitted by the site.
If both flow-population and microbial normalization values are available, flow-population normalization is used.
After normalization, all concentration data is log transformed.
In simple terms, they're scaling the raw data based on other factors so that samples taken at various times from the same location can be more accurately compared against each other.
For example, if something had a concentration of 1 unit per gallon, and in one sample you had 5 gallons, and another you had 10, if you only looked at the number of units of the thing you ended up with, the second sample would have twice as much, even though the concentrations are the same.
"But of course you'd adjust for that!" Yes, exactly.
As for why you'd log-transform the data, as this chart from one of our local jurisdictions shows, concentrations are exponential
For each combination of site, data submitter, PCR target, lab methods, and normalization method, a baseline is established. The “baseline” is the 10th percentile of the log-transformed and normalized concentration data within a specific time frame. Details on the baseline calculation by pathogen are below:A little technical, but pretty straightforward.
SARS-CoV-2
For site and method combinations (as listed above) with over six months of data, baselines are re-calculated every six calendar months (January 1st and July 1st) using the past 12 months of data.
For sites and method combinations with less than six months of data, baselines are computed weekly until reaching six months, after which they remain unchanged until the next January 1st or July 1st, at which time baselines are re-calculated.
On January 1 and July 1, they look at every site that they have data for, find the 10th percentile value over the previous 12 month period for that site, and set that as the baseline.
(Percentile explainer: Let's say we had 100 data points: 1, 2, 3, 4,..., 98, 99, 100. The 10th percentile value is "10" because 10% of the data is at or below that level.)
Stopping right here to return to OOP's claim:
"Zero" on this baseline will be levels in the previous yearNot. Even. Close.
Also, if this were what they were doing (and again, it's NOT), they wouldn't need the July 1 update. It's not like there was a second July that snuck in, right? Alternatively, if one of you has a time machine, let me know. I could certainly use an extra month or two in my year.
So what are they doing with that baseline and normalized data? Glad you asked. Let's get to the funny part and talk about methodology and "zero"
Well, for that, we go back to the CDC about page:
The value associated with the Wastewater Viral Activity Level is the number of standard deviations above the baseline, transformed to the linear scale. The formula is Wastewater Viral Activity Level = e # of standard deviations relative to baseline.If it's been a while since you've taken statistics, the plain English translation: "If concentrations are exactly the same as the baseline, WVAL = e0 = 1. If concentrations are higher than baseline, WVAL > 1. If concentrations are lower than baseline, WVAL < 1, but greater than zero."
Greater than zero because exponential functions literally cannot ever reach zero. They'll be nearly-zero at high negative numbers, but never zero. Even at three standard deviations below baseline (which, thinking about it, would probably have to be a negative concentration?) WVAL would still be 0.05.
In any case, in order for OOP to have said what they said, they must not have ever looked at this page. This methodology isn't [year] - [previous year]. It can't produce zero. And for that matter, in order to produce a WVAL of 1000, concentrations would have to be about seven standard deviations above baseline. Congratulations, the wastewater sample is nothing but COVID.
The About page also has the WVAL ranges and thresholds that the CDC uses. "Very High" starts at 8, or a little more than 2 standard deviations above baseline (~e2.1), so again. What 1000?
And finally, their first line:
The US CDC has announced that, going forward, reported SARS-CoV-2 wastewater levels will be normalized to an endemic baselineIs a plain misreading of the CDC note about the Jan 1 update to the baseline, isn't a new methodology so there's nothing "going forward", and baseline is whatever the 10th percentile is, same as it's always been.
So let's sum it all up.
It's not new.
It's not zero.
It can't be zero.
It's not [year] - [previous year].
It's sure as hell not 1000.
OOP is just flat-out wrong across the board.
If you've made it this far, thanks for reading, and I hope this information was useful to you.
submitted by Konukaame to COVID19_Pandemic [link] [comments]
2025.01.24 05:28 JustJorge10 My motherboard is “acting weird”
Sorry for the title, but I don’t know how to describe this.
I turned on my pc and the CPU and RAM light started flashing like in the video. I left it running for some minutes and it started like usual, but when I was putting my password, the screen turned off and the CPU light flashed again. All of my fans and rgb lights were working so I discarded a faulty psu.
I thought the CPU and the memory sticks were dead so next day I borrowed my friend’s PC and swapped the parts to my PC. What I didn’t know is I had to update the BIOS of my mb (I have a Ryzen 5 2600 and my friends CPU is a Ryzen 5 5600G). I tried it with the flash bios button and the update went smoothly. (I updated it because the other mb pc I had only supports 4000 and 5000 cpus. Later I managed to enter the bios and the update was there. 10 minutes later it turned off again). I turned on my pc but the same thing happened: black screen, all the lights and fans working and the CPU light on. I tried the memory sticks in the other pc and there were no problems.
I'm very confused right now. I came to the conclusion that the motherboard is the problem, but how did the update go smoothly if it is "damaged"? I’m trying to figure out whatever damage it has and if it is fixable. My motherboard is a MSI B450 Gaming Plus Max.
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2025.01.24 05:28 MrWrinkliy G.I. Robot vs Stroheim TN
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2025.01.24 05:28 ChoRockwell What should I read/watch after Leviathan to help me understand it?
I'm about halfway through Leviathan, and while I think I understand what Hobbes is saying, I typically like to reread things to retain it better. However I'm going to be honest, Leviathan is perhaps the most dreadful book I have ever read, and it is the second longest book I have ever read. I really don't want to read it twice. Recommendations for more "accessible" supplementary material such as, commentaries and lectures would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.
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