Creator Rewards In Canada if Sold?
2025.01.31 03:20 unwiseundead Creator Rewards In Canada if Sold?
Does anyone have any insight into if Canada could become eligible for creator rewards if TikTok is sold to an Americam company?
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2025.01.31 03:20 cuppcakex21 ISO Model Approved Maxi Skirt in BLUE size M
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2025.01.31 03:20 Vessel_soul The Najaf Conference: Nader Shah's Attempt to Bridge the Sunni-Shiite Division by -The_Caliphate_AS-
source: https://www.reddit.com/IslamicHistoryMeme/comments/1i5lz74/the_najaf_conference_nader_shahs_attempt_to/
The Najaf Conference, convened by Nader Shah of the "Persian Empire," is considered one of the pivotal events revealing the intertwining of politics and religion in Islamic history. At that time, political interests drove an attempt at positive reconciliation between Sunnis and Shiites, but it did not endure for long.
The Sunni-Shiite schism has been linked from the outset to the struggle for power and authority. Thus, the "spiritual" and the "temporal" are almost inseparable in their mutual influence.
Throughout history, political authority has viewed religion as one of the most powerful tools for controlling the populace and ensuring their obedience.
As long as a ruler could market himself as the protector of the "most righteous, noble, and sacred path to God," his throne would be secure, and his power unthreatened.
Since the early 16th century, both the Safavids and the Ottomans have leveraged sectarian conflict to serve their disputes over land and power.
The Safavids adopted the Twelver Shiite doctrine, while the Ottomans embraced the Hanafi Sunni school, with each positioning themselves as defenders and protectors of their respective followers.
The sectarian divide turned into a highly influential political tool in military conflicts over territory and control of regions along the borders of the two states, most notably Iraq, which became a battleground for Safavid-Ottoman struggles over an extended period.
Unifying the Internal Front
Nader Khan emerged as a skilled and ruthless military leader in the crumbling Safavid state.
He capitalized on his reputation and power to depose Shah Tahmasp II, who had suffered a crushing defeat in the Caucasus campaign of 1731, losing all of Nader Shah's territorial gains in Georgia and Armenia to the Ottomans.
Nader imprisoned Tahmasp and installed his infant son, Abbas III, as a figurehead ruler, taking on the role of regent and becoming the de facto ruler in 1732.
Nader Khan continued his campaigns against the Ottomans and Russians, regaining some Iranian cities and presenting himself to the people as a strong leader who reunited the fragmented Persian realm against its covetous neighbors. When the young Abbas III died in 1736, Nader Khan officially ascended the throne, becoming Nader Shah.
Nader Shah, of Turkmen origin and Sunni upbringing, embarked on an ambitious expansion to build a vast empire for his heirs. Iraq, due to its proximity to the Ottomans—his traditional adversaries—was among the territories he sought to annex.
In 1743, Nader Shah launched another invasion of Iraq, laying siege to Mosul and attempting unsuccessfully to capture it. Following his military failure to annex Iraq, he extended an offer of peace to the governor of Baghdad and visited the holy shrines in Najaf. There, he proposed holding a conference to foster reconciliation between Sunnis and Shiites.
The primary objective of Nader Shah’s initiative was to unify his internal front after facing divisions that sometimes escalated into clashes within his own camp, particularly between Afghan and Persian soldiers due to sectarian disputes.
Moreover, he sought to position himself as a unifier of Muslims, transcending the role of the Safavid dynasty as mere protectors of Shiism.
This move aimed to prevent the Safavids’ return to power, stabilize relations with the Ottomans, and reduce hostilities.
Nader Shah had repeatedly requested that the Ottomans recognize the Ja’fari school of thought as a fifth Islamic madhhab and allow for an Iranian Amir al-Hajj, but these requests were consistently rejected.
The Debate Near the Shrine of Ali
Nader Shah requested that the Ottoman governor of Baghdad, Ahmad Pasha, send a Sunni scholar to attend a debate near the shrine of Ali ibn Abi Talib in Najaf. In response, the Ottoman governor dispatched Sheikh Abdullah Al-Suwaidi to represent the Sunni side.
While some have attempted to deny the occurrence of the conference altogether, Iraqi and Persian sources affirm its reality. Sheikh Abdullah Al-Suwaidi documented it in two of his works :
(1) "Al-Hujaj Al-Qat’iyyah Li-Ittifaq Al-Firaq Al-Islamiyyah". (The Definitive Arguments for the Agreement of Islamic Sects.)
(2) "Al-Nafhah Al-Miskiyyah Fi Al-Rihlah Al-Makkiyyah". (The Musk-Scented Breeze in the Meccan Journey.)
Additionally, Mirza Mahdi Khan Astarabadi, the official historian of Nader Shah's court, mentioned it in his Persian works, "Jahangushay-e Naderi" (Nader's World Conqueror) and "Durr-e Naderi" (Nader's Sea).
Sheikh Al-Suwaidi traveled to Najaf, where he met a delegation of 70 scholars from Iran, led by their senior cleric, Mulla Bashi.
The conference also included Sunni scholars from Afghanistan and Transoxiana. It was held on 24 Shawwal 1156 AH (December 11, 1743 CE) near the shrine of Ali ibn Abi Talib.
Sheikh Al-Suwaidi acted as an arbitrator between the Afghan Hanafi scholar Bahr Al-Ilm and his team on one side, and the Iranian Shiite cleric Mulla Bashi on the other.
From Al-Suwaidi's account, it is evident that the atmosphere was marked by mistrust and unresolved tensions. The tone he describes suggests that the apparent tolerance and acceptance were more a result of coercion or fear of state authority than genuine reconciliation.
On the first day of the conference, held near the shrine, Mulla Bashi agreed to the proposals presented by Bahr Al-Ilm, including recognizing the precedence of the Companions of the Prophet in the order of the caliphate.
He also agreed to cease cursing the two caliphs, Abu Bakr and Umar, and declared that the practice of temporary marriage (mut’ah) was only performed by the foolish.
Furthermore, he stated that Shiite theological foundations aligned with the beliefs of Abu Al-Hasan Al-Ash’ari.
In turn, Mulla Bashi demanded that Bahr Al-Ilm recognize the Ja’fari school of thought as the fifth Islamic madhhab.
Bahr Al-Ilm eventually agreed, though not without hesitation and repeatedly emphasizing the view that cursing the two caliphs constituted disbelief (Kufr).
A Scene from the Debate
One of the notable exchanges in which Sheikh Al-Suwaidi personally debated Mulla Bashi was recounted under the heading "Two Issues the Shiites Cannot Answer.", these are some sections of the chapter:
Al-Suwaidi: What is the ruling on the actions of a tyrannical caliph in your doctrine? Are his actions valid in Shiite jurisprudence?
Mulla Bashi: They are not valid and do not take effect.
Al-Suwaidi: I ask you by Allah, to which tribe did Muhammad ibn Al-Hanafiyyah, the son of Ali ibn Abi Talib, belong?
Mulla Bashi: To the tribe of Banu Hanifa.
Al-Suwaidi: Who took Banu Hanifa captive?
Mulla Bashi: I do not know. (Al-Suwaidi notes in his book that Mulla Bashi was lying.)
One of the attendees interjected, saying: "Abu Bakr captured them."
At this point, Al-Suwaidi asked how Ali could have taken a concubine from the spoils of a tyrannical caliph whose actions were deemed invalid.
Mulla Bashi responded, suggesting that perhaps Ali had requested her as a gift from her family. When Al-Suwaidi demanded evidence for this claim, Mulla Bashi fell silent.
Similar debates followed this pattern, ultimately leading, under the pressure of Nader Shah's political will, to the agreement of Shiite scholars on several points.
These were finalized and sealed with their signatures on the second day:
1. Recognition of the Ja’fari School:
Since the people of Iran had renounced past beliefs, abandoned rejectionism and cursing, and adopted the Ja’fari school as one of the legitimate schools of thought, it was agreed that judges, scholars, and esteemed officials would acknowledge it as the fifth madhhab.
2. Prayer at the Kaaba:
The four corners of the Kaaba in the Grand Mosque, traditionally assigned to the four Sunni madhhabs, would also accommodate Ja’fari worshippers. After the designated imam of the Sunni madhhab completed their prayers, the Ja’fari imam would lead prayers in the Shami corner of the mosque.
3. Appointment of an Iranian Amir al-Hajj:
Every year, the Iranian government would appoint an Amir al-Hajj for Iranian pilgrims. This individual would hold a status in the Ottoman Empire higher than that of the Egyptian or Syrian Amirs.
4. Release of Captives:
Captives from both sides would be freed, and any acts of humiliation against them would be prohibited.
5. Mutual Representatives:
Two representatives would be appointed in the capitals of both empires to handle the interests of the two states. This measure aimed to resolve both formal and informal disputes between the Muslim communities.
The document recorded the summarized beliefs of the Shiites, attested to by Sunni scholars, and the summarized beliefs of the Sunnis, attested to by Shiite scholars.
It acknowledged the four Rashidun Caliphs in their traditional order and praised Imam Ja’far Al-Sadiq as accepted by all schools of thought.
The document emphasized that differences in certain branches of jurisprudence did not expel anyone from Islam and prohibited armed conflict between the two groups.
A Striking Scene on the Following Day
Nader Shah was elated with the conference's resolutions. Sweets were distributed, and thousands of Sunnis and Shiites in his camp—Iranians, Afghans, Uzbeks, and others—embraced each other in celebration of the supposed unity of Muslims after the signing of the agreements.
However, a striking scene the next day underscored the reality that a centuries-old conflict, deeply ingrained in the religious identities of two opposing factions, could not be resolved by political will alone, no matter how powerful, in just two days.
Nader Shah had asked Al-Suwaidi to stay for the following day to attend Friday prayers at the Grand Mosque of Kufa with all the delegations. Al-Suwaidi complied.
He recounts that during the sermon, a Shiite scholar, Sayyid Nasrallah Al-Ha’iri from Karbala, ascended the pulpit and began by praising the Prophet and then the Companions in the Sunni order.
However, when he said :
"And upon the second caliph, the speaker of truth and righteousness, our master Umar ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him,"
he pronounced the name Umar in a declined grammatical form, which goes against the rules of Arabic grammar, as it is non-declinable (mamnu’ min al-sarf/ممنوع من الصرف).
Al-Suwaidi noted that the preacher was a master of Arabic and that the non-declinable form was required due to the qualities of "equity" and "specificity." He added:
"This vile man deliberately declined it to suggest that neither equity nor specificity applied to him. May Allah fight this preacher, disgrace him, destroy him, and humiliate him in this world and the Hereafter."
This comment reveals the deep-seated animosities that persisted despite claims of agreement and unity.
Dr. Yaseen Shihab Shukri, an assistant professor of history at the College of Arts at the University of Kufa, who published A Research on the Najaf Conference.
He described it as the first documented conference in history aimed at bridging the gap between Sunnis and Shiites.
Regarding the relationship between sectarianism and politics, Dr. Shukri explained:
"It can be said that political factors have played a significant role in either bridging or widening the divide between sects and denominations since the beginning of the Sunni-Shiite split. Rulers often exploited sectarian differences to turn them into a state of discord and division.
This was the case with the Umayyads, Abbasids, Buyids, Seljuks, Ottomans, and Safavids. What Nader Shah attempted was to portray himself as the leader who succeeded where others had failed.
However, in the early years of his rule, he also exploited sectarian conflict to bolster his position and influence, particularly in his rivalry with the Ottomans."
The conference’s results were short-lived. The Ottoman Empire refused to acknowledge its outcomes. When an Iranian Amir al-Hajj was sent to Mecca, he was arrested, taken to Istanbul, and executed.
After Nader Shah's assassination in 1747 and the fragmentation of his empire among his successors, sectarian tensions reignited.
In contemporary times, the obstacles to Sunni-Shiite reconciliation extend far beyond debates over Ali’s Imamate or the justice of the Companions. The divide is fundamentally rooted in a regional power struggle. As such, initiatives aimed at eradicating sectarianism often fail to yield results that lead to meaningful unity.
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2025.01.31 03:20 Lyna_hot teste
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2025.01.31 03:20 Shangeroo Grim Darkness question
First off, love this game! As a long time 40K fan Owlcat did an amazing job!
Now about to try Grim Dark mode. Like most games the last parts are typically easy given how powerful your party becomes with awesome combos. Difficult parts usually are in the beginning when your party is still low level. Wanted to get input on which fights do you feel are most challenging?
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2025.01.31 03:20 chiq_riz LF guys with nice abs
I am a bit older and I just want to have some flirty naughty fun with fit young guys.
Probably online first and see where it goes.
We can discuss details through PM.
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2025.01.31 03:20 Sea_Sorbet_6241 How to turn off motion blur
I actually like motion blur but FFVII's is wayy too ugly. It's too blurry and ugly it's unbearable 😤. Any way to disable it?
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2025.01.31 03:20 Exact_Bee_223 Club disponible lvl 50 requis : IFGW5dW6aG
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2025.01.31 03:20 scorpi02 Anyone have any info on this belt?
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2025.01.31 03:20 linet_addicted De ce sticlele de apă au dată de expirare
Ai observat vreodată că sticlele de apă au o dată de expirare? Deși apa în sine nu se strică, această etichetare este necesară. Puțini oameni reușesc să o înțeleagă pentru că nu dețin toate informațiile despre ea. Citește mai...
Citiți articolul
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2025.01.31 03:20 Accomplished_Ant7209 Nursing programs
Hello! I'm looking to further my career in the nursing field. I have a degree in public health so may have taken a few classes that could count towards a degree, but definitely have the random pre recs done. Does anyone have experience going to a nursing program around here? Looking for all and any options! TYIA💜
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2025.01.31 03:20 Loud-Potential-3136 The Nightmare
 | One of the coolest things to run into going home. submitted by Loud-Potential-3136 to deadbydaylight [link] [comments] |
2025.01.31 03:20 Usual_Background_490 OT Pay
Hello, ask ko lang if eligible ba ang CL9 to receive OT pay or depende sa project ba? Thank you!
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2025.01.31 03:20 NiceBoysenberry6817 Can I mix kratom into my joints.
I’ve had pain in my lower back and shoulders,both have helped my pain can I smoke them together.
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2025.01.31 03:20 Powerful_Ad6102 Is this a bug or not
Sooo I’m in Kahhori storyline, chapter battering the waves. And the other team had unlimited turns, four long shot characters kept using their ultimates and abilities and for ten mins cuz my team is very strong. They killed me. Not even the other members in the enemy team went. I closed the app and it still happened I thought this was supposed to happen. Not they’re easy to defeat. But it keeps happening
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2025.01.31 03:20 kdlevo23 Stock ECU broke
Anyone recommend any new ECU to use for my bone stock ‘02 Manual?
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2025.01.31 03:20 bradsondiaz194 FINALLY CAVED AND DID IT!!… ( any tips on hire to organize wire down to the baofeng?)😂
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2025.01.31 03:20 Obi-wan-blow-me Serpentine belt spaghetti
 | My 9-5 threw the serpentine belt on my way home from work. I drove without it for 5km. How much damage might it have done when the waterpump was not connected? submitted by Obi-wan-blow-me to saab [link] [comments] |
2025.01.31 03:20 TombRaider_2000 I’m looking into the good old flower dilemma.
I was wondering if there are different types of black roses. I know you can only get them as hybrids, but I was wondering if there are different types of hybrids, or there’s only one genotype.
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2025.01.31 03:20 Orgetoriks Does anyone knows the date of this Mustaine's picture?
 | https://preview.redd.it/4qeyck1az8ge1.png?width=311&format=png&auto=webp&s=ed8580618b3eef27e44de670fd398521c077ce43 submitted by Orgetoriks to Megadeth [link] [comments] |
2025.01.31 03:20 Yes_78 Admins please block violent talk
Hi everyone I live in CT, was born and raised here. This state and I have seen much change over the past few decades. I'm not a Trumper and I did not vote for Kamala I believe they are both inept and have never liked Trump's rhetoric. However I wanted to comment on the posts about doxing businesses and business owners as well as threatening residents of our state. Sadly there were a few threats on the CT reddit against "Old White Men" tonight.
We are a small state with just one reddit thread. It is far too easy for a whack job to read a lie about some hard working person who's family runs a diner and drive a few minutes away with the intent of killing them all. Or to attack an older white man who probably doesn't even disagree with their politics or care about them. I personally frequent some of the businesses named recently and know some of them to be friendly non racist accepting people.
Please remember we live in a democracy and in a state that has always had Republicans and Democrats. There will always be people whose disagree with your point of view especially in CT.
U don't assume all liberals are idiotic antifa members and don't consider people who support Trump to all be Nazis, hatemongers, it was just a tough election frankly and people in CT did the best with what they had in two horrible candidates. CT has always been mixed in this way but before we have never openly threatened to harm each other in this way.
And to the admins I humbly ask that you do your best to take down anything dangerous and illegal and please block people who post asking to list "Maga Businesses" or any other busines based on politics. Additionally please remove and block people who threaten or disparage old white men or black or Spanish or any race sex or sexual prediction. And if you read any posts that do these things please click on the thread or post and report them to Reditt they are usually pretty good about taking those types of things down quickly. Thanks!
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2025.01.31 03:20 lss_bvt_ios_06 LssTest-TextPostTitle
LssTest-TextPostContent
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2025.01.31 03:20 precisoresposta [30/F] I would need to vent about 1 thing… Anyone?
Hi Id need to vent regards one thing
U can also talk or vent too!
We can talk further on and only if we vibe i have Discord to exchange if we get along
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2025.01.31 03:20 klavierapologist Birth certificate amendment time?
I recently submitted a mail-in application for an amended birth certificate (name change). Does anyone know about how long it takes for this to process and how long it takes to receive the new copies of the birth certificate?
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2025.01.31 03:20 NegativeSetting4926 Would anybody be interested in an in-depth "How can we make it better?" post for 2?
Now, I played DD1 and 2 for around 200 hours and like both games for different reasons. Ever since I've beaten the second game, I enjoyed how Red Hook was trying to take the franchise into a different direction and not just make DD 1.5. However, I've always thought that the transition to the rogue-like genre was kinda rough and could of been better. I had ideas on how to do it but mostly kept it to myself.
After kingdoms came out I'm not gonna lie, I was disappointed. The visual team did a great job as always but there was much left to be desired in the game design department. I've noticed people mostly enjoy it in the western communities, but getting mostly negative reactions in the Korean communities which was quite interesting. (I'm also Korean and not a native English speaker so sorry in advance).
People say it's easy to criticize a game but hard to provide how to improve on it. Now I feel like i have a good idea on how to 'overhaul' the game. but before I write it here or on steam guides, would anybody be interested to read it? I honestly would be fine for people to tell me i'm wrong and the post be a hub for talking game mechanics.
I also have a BFA in game design and is trying to get into the game design industry so I was kinda thinking it could help me idk.
tell me what you guys think. Thank you.
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